專升本英語(yǔ)倒裝句常見考點(diǎn)詳解

專升本英語(yǔ)倒裝句常見考點(diǎn)詳解有哪些？專升本英語(yǔ)考試中，倒裝句的應(yīng)用極為廣泛，很多同學(xué)都知道，如果將句子主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)顛倒過(guò)來(lái)，那么就是完全倒裝；相對(duì)地，將助動(dòng)詞或者情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提前，謂語(yǔ)其他部分保留在主語(yǔ)之后，那么就是部分倒裝，當(dāng)作文中出現(xiàn)部分倒裝的句型時(shí)，那么也能作文亮點(diǎn)所在，幫助自己獲得理想的分?jǐn)?shù)。為了幫助同學(xué)們積累語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，今天給大家?guī)?lái)了倒裝句常見考點(diǎn)的講解，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。

1、疑問(wèn)句和特殊疑問(wèn)句要倒裝

Are you cold?

Does he go to school by bike?

注意：若疑問(wèn)詞在句中作主語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)時(shí)，不倒裝。

Who is your English teacher?

Whose father is a worker?

2、There be 句型

在There+助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+主語(yǔ)+地點(diǎn)/時(shí)間的句型中，主語(yǔ)在謂語(yǔ)be動(dòng)詞后面，因此這是倒裝。

There is a mobile phone and some books on the desk.桌上有一個(gè)手機(jī)和一些書。

There are thousands of people gathering on the square.廣場(chǎng)上聚集著成千上萬(wàn)的人。

注意 ：引導(dǎo)詞there 還可以接appear,exist, lie, remain, seem, stand, live 等詞。

There lived an old fisherman in the village.村里住著一位老漁夫。

There stand two white houses by the river.河濱矗立著兩座白房子。

There existed some doubt among the students.學(xué)生中有些懷疑。

3、直接引語(yǔ)在句首

“May I come in and take a rest?” asked the poor girl.

“Get out of the room!” shouted the angry woman.

4、虛擬條件句的倒裝

當(dāng)if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件從句中含有had, were, should等時(shí)，如將if省略，則要將had, were, should等移到主語(yǔ)前，構(gòu)成倒裝句：

Had you come yesterday, you would have seen him.若你昨天來(lái)，你就會(huì)見到他了。

Should you require anything give me a ring.如果需要什么，可以給我打電話。

Were it not for your help, I would still be homeless.要不是你幫助，我會(huì)仍然無(wú)家可歸。

注意：省略if后提前的had不一定是助動(dòng)詞

Had I money, I would buy it. 假若我有錢，我就會(huì)買它。

5、全部倒裝

全部倒裝是只將句子中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞全部置于主語(yǔ)之前。

1） here, there, now,then, thus等副詞置于句首, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用be,come, go, lie, run等表示來(lái)去或狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。

例如：

Then came the chairman. 那時(shí)總裁來(lái)了。

Here is your letter. 你的信。

2）表示運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的副詞或地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)置于句首，以out, in, up, down, off, away等副詞開頭，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是表示“移動(dòng)”的go, come, leave等句子里。

例如：

Ahead sat an old woman. 前面坐著一個(gè)老嫗。

Down went the small boat. 小船沉下去了。

注意:在完全倒裝的結(jié)構(gòu)里,如果主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞,則用正常語(yǔ)序。

3）表示地點(diǎn)的介詞詞組位于句首，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是表示“存在”之意的be, lie, stand, exist等句子中。

South of the lake lies a big supermarket.湖泊的南邊是一個(gè)大超市。

20 miles east of our school lies a modern swimming pool.我們學(xué)校向東20英里有一個(gè)現(xiàn)代化的游泳池。

4) 在there be或者there live(stand, appear, seem, remain, exist….) 句型中。

6、部分倒裝

1.句首為否定或半否定的副詞或連詞。

如no, not,never, seldom, little, hardly, scarcely, rarely, at no time決不, by no means, on no account, in no case, many a time, under no circumstances, in no way, many a time, not until… 等。

例如：

He cares little about his clothes= Little does he care about his clothes 他不在乎穿著。

I have never seen him before= Never have I seen him before= Never before have I seen him 以前沒見過(guò)他。

The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep= Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room 孩子睡著了，媽媽才離開房間。

(Not until引出的主從復(fù)合句中，主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。即：后倒前不倒。注意：如否定詞不在句首不倒裝。)

例如：

Churchill was not only a statesman, but apoet= Not only was Churchill a statesman, but apoet 丘吉爾不僅是個(gè)政治家，而且還是個(gè)詩(shī)人。

I shall by no means give up= By no means shall I give up. 我決不放棄

必背：表示“剛……就……的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)

Hardly had he started to leave when it began to rain.他剛要離開，天就下起了雨。

Scarcely had he sat down when his mobile phone rang.他剛坐下，手機(jī)就響了。

No sooner had he handed in his paper than he realized his mistakes.他剛交卷就意識(shí)到出錯(cuò)了。

Seldom is my son late for school.我兒子上學(xué)幾乎不遲到。

In no case should you touch it.無(wú)論如何你都不能碰它。

2.以否定連詞開頭作部分倒裝

如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than等，前倒后不倒。例如：

Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 他沒有收下禮物，還狠狠批評(píng)了送禮的人。

Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 她剛出門，就有個(gè)學(xué)生來(lái)訪。

No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 她剛出門，就有個(gè)學(xué)生來(lái)訪。

3.so, neither, nor作部分倒裝

表示另一主語(yǔ)“也…樣”時(shí)，用“So +be(have,助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)+主語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)；而表示另一主語(yǔ)“也不…樣”時(shí)，用“Nor\Neither + be(have,助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)+主語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)。

例如：

Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 湯姆會(huì)講法語(yǔ)，杰克也會(huì)。

If you won't go, neither will I. 你不去，我也不去。

She won’t go. Neither/Nor will I.她不走，我也不。

注意：如果前面所說(shuō)的內(nèi)容既有肯定又有否定，或前后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式不一致時(shí)，用“It is the same with +主語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)或用“So it is with +主語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)。

4.only+狀語(yǔ)在句首倒裝的情況。

only+副詞；或介詞短語(yǔ)；或狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，主句倒裝。

例如：

Only then did I see life was not easy.只有那時(shí)我才知道生活是不易的。

Only in this way, can you learn English well. 只有這樣，你才能學(xué)好英語(yǔ)。（only+介詞短語(yǔ)）

Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 叫了三次，他才來(lái)參加會(huì)議。

Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing.（only+副詞）

Only when it began to rain did he finish his job.（only+狀語(yǔ)從句）

注：如果句子為主從復(fù)合句，則主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。

例如：

Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 病得狠重時(shí)，他才臥床休息。

5. so… that，such…that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句中，部分倒裝。當(dāng)so位于句首時(shí)，用”so +adj. + 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)”。

例如：

So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 他害怕得很，動(dòng)也不敢動(dòng)。

So difficult was the exam that most of the students failed to pass it. 考試如此難，以至于大多數(shù)同學(xué)沒能考過(guò)。

So stingy is she that none of us likes her.她太小氣，沒人喜歡她。

6. so作“也”講時(shí)，引導(dǎo)的句子用倒裝語(yǔ)序，表示前面所說(shuō)的肯定情況也適用于另一人(或物)。其句型是：So + be（have，助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）+主語(yǔ)

She has been to Tokyo. So have I.她去過(guò)東京，我也去過(guò)。

He can send emails to his former classmates. So can she.他能電子郵件給以前的同學(xué)，她也能。

7. as, though引導(dǎo)的部分倒裝

as / though引導(dǎo)的讓步從句由于語(yǔ)法需要，可將表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)提前（形容詞, 副詞, 分詞, 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提前）。

但需注意：

1）句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。

2）句首是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞, 其他助動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)后。如果實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，隨實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起放在主語(yǔ)之前。

例如：

Shortest as/though she is, she is not the richest.(倒裝后，最高級(jí)前不用冠詞)

Child as he is, he knows a lot.(倒裝后，單數(shù)名詞前不用a)  

Fail as I did, I would try again.(倒裝后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提前，在主語(yǔ)后添加助動(dòng)詞。)

注意：讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，有though，although時(shí)，后面的主句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可連用。

當(dāng)as作“雖然”解，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，必須將表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞原形提到as前面。

句子的倒裝語(yǔ)序有以下三種形式：

(1)形容詞或副詞+as+主語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞be或?qū)嵙x動(dòng)詞。

例如：

Rich as he is, he never spends a cent on clothes.雖然他很富有，但他從不花一分錢在衣服上。

Much as I admire his courage, I don’t think he acted wisely.我雖然佩服他的勇氣，但我認(rèn)為他這樣做是不聰明的。

(2)名詞+as+主語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞be (注意句首的名詞不帶冠詞)。

例如：

Child as he is, he knows a lot.盡管他是個(gè)孩子，但懂很多事情。

Boy as he was, he was chosen king.盡管他還是個(gè)孩子，但卻被立為國(guó)王。

(3)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞+as+主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞[如果沒有助動(dòng)詞，則要加上一個(gè)do(does或did)]。

例如：

Try as he may, he never succeeds.盡管他很努力，但總是不成功。

Change your mind as you will, you will gain no additional support.即使你改變主意，你也不會(huì)得到另外的支持。

8．一些表示頻率的副詞（如many a time, often等）位于句首時(shí)。

I have seen her taking a walk alone many a time.

Many a time have I seen her taking a walk alone.我多次看到她獨(dú)自一人在散步。

She often came to my house in the past.

Often did she come to my house in the past.過(guò)去她常到我家來(lái)。

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