(4)It is kind of you to give me so much help.(不定式)
(5)Helping others is helping yourself.(動名詞)
(6)Whether he will come is uncertain.(主語從句)
(7)It's said that he will not come back again.(主語從句)
2. 句子謂語
謂語(predicate) 或謂語動詞(predicate verb) 的位置一般在主語之后。謂語有簡單謂語和復(fù)合謂語兩種。簡單謂語是由一個行為動詞構(gòu)成的,比較容易識別。復(fù)合謂語包括情態(tài)動詞+ 動詞原形、連系動詞+ 表語、動詞短語及被動語態(tài)bedone、進行時態(tài)be doing、完成時態(tài) has/ have done、將來時態(tài)will do / be going to do 等。
(1)You can make a difference if you are confident.
(2)He was followed by the fans.
(3)I was about to go out when my phone rang.
(二)以連詞為分界點,確定句子是并列句或復(fù)合句
并列連詞連接并列句,常見的并列連詞有and, but, yet, or,so, for ,not only...but also,while(然而)。
從屬連詞連接復(fù)合句,常見的從屬連詞引導(dǎo)狀語從句的有when, after, before, till, until, since, though, although, because等,引導(dǎo)定語從句的有 that,who, whom, which,where, when 等,引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的有what, that 等。
(1)She is a pupil admired by all her classmates.( 定語)
=She is a pupil who is admired by all her classmates.
(2)This is the novel translated into a few languages(. 定語)
=This is the novel that has translated into a few languages.
(3)Written in a hurry, this article was not so good.(原因狀語)
=Because it was Written in a hurry, this article was not so good.
(4)Following the teacher, the students walked into the office.(伴隨狀語)
=The students followed the teacher, and the students walked into the office.
(五)同位語
由兩個或兩個以上同一層次的語言單位組成的結(jié)構(gòu),后項是前項的同位語。
(1)Mr Zhang, our president, asked us not to punish students.
(2)Tony, one of the most clever boys in our school, is planning to attend the university.
(3)They were worried over the fact that you could not take part in the sports meeting.
(4)The news that he was ill is not true.
(六)把介詞短語看成一個整體
介詞短語在句子中充當(dāng)表語、定語、狀語等。
(1)In spite of the difficulties, we went on with our work.
(2)Apps are of great use.
(3)Did you like the last grand fashion show of the 20thcentury?
三、長難句的分析實例
(Book 6 Unit 5 The power of nature )
(1)Sometimes working outdoors, sometimes in an office, sometimes using scientific equipment and sometimes meeting local people and tourists, I am never bored.
分析:此句主干是I am never bored,而其前面出現(xiàn)了四個狀語,分別是working outdoors, in an office, using scientificequipment 和meeting local people and tourists。
(2)Although my job is occasionally dangerous, I don't mind because danger excites me and makes me feel alive.